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The Book of Terms

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The Book of TermsThe WJI Book of Wire & Cable Terms: an interactive experience of learning and sharing
This book, written by industry volunteers and containing more than 5,000 entries, is an asset for newcomers to wire and cable.

At the same time, it also represents an opportunity for industry veterans to give back by either updating or adding to the more than 5,000 entries. This is an honor system process. Entries/updates must be non-commercial, and any deemed not to be so will be removed. Share your expertise as part of this legacy project to help those who will follow. Purchase a printed copy here.

   

 

0-9   A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Extreme Pressure Additive

Additives that enable lubricant to withstand very high pressure. Additives such as sulfur, chlorine or sometimes phosphorous, singly or in com­bination, which under high temperatures and pressures react to form films which protect the wire surface.

Extrudate

The stock as it emerges from the extrusion die.

Extrudate Temperature

The temperature of the stock as it comes from the extrusion die.

Extrude

To shape by forcing material, usually preheated to soften it, through dies with pressure. Also, to apply insulation onto a cable conductor formed in a uniform configuration by the application of a homogenous insulation material in a continuous process.

Extruded Bar

A solid extrusion whose cross-section is completely symmetrical and is square or rectangular with sharp or rounded corners or edges, or is a regular hexagon, octagon, circle or ellipse. See also Bus Bar.

Extruded Cable

Cables with conductors that are formed in a uniform configuration by the application of a homogenous insulation material in a continuous extrusion process.

Extruded Finish

The finish obtained on wire, rod and bar by hot extrusion through a die, resulting in a slightly oxidized and dull appearance.

Extruded Rod

A solid extrusion whose cross-section is round. See also Welding Rod and Brazing Rod.

Extruded Shape

Any extrusion other than bar, rod or tube.

Extruded Strand Shield

See Conductor Stress Control.

Extruder

In the wire industry, an extruder is used to apply plastic or rubber to the wire. It is analogous to a screw conveyor and the principal working members are the screw and the barrel. The revolving screw forces the insulating material through a crosshead and coating die.

Extruder Bore

The inside diameter of the extruder barrel.

Extruder Output

The weight of the material discharged from the extruder per unit time, usually expressed as pounds per hour.

Extruder RPM vs. Diameter Rule

In estimating a screw extruder output, a calculation can use the extruder rpm and diameters as factors. The diameter rule states that at the same speeds, the outputs of two extruders are proportional to their diameters squared. This rule is based on mechanical calculations only, whereas melting points and specific gravity of the material could influence output rates.

Extruder Screw

A strip of metal helically wrapped around a shaft to form a progressive cavity as the shaft is rotated within a chamber to mechanically advance the material as a method of transfer.

Extruder Size

The nominal inside diameter of the extruder barrel.

Extruder Tip

The wire guides, sometimes with a diamond insert, used when extruding a plastic or rubber insulation coating on wire with an extrusion machine. Also known as a Tip.

Extruder, Input Type

A design of extruder to handle the different materials that are available either in strips of compound or in powder/pellet form.

Extruder, Two Stage

A two-stage extruder is used to remove air, moisture and other volatile matter after material has been melted and before it is discharged from the front of the machine. This is usually accomplished by providing an opening in the barrel directly under a deep channel vent section in the screw. The second metering section is normally made with the channel depth greater than that of the metering section to allow the vent section to operate at zero pressure.

Extrusion

The process of forming a product by continuously forcing a material through a die under pressure. Also, the product formed in such a process. In the wire industry, a plastic or elastomer and a conductor core are forced through a die to apply a continuous coating of insulation or jacket to the core or conductor.
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