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The Book of Terms

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The Book of TermsThe WJI Book of Wire & Cable Terms: an interactive experience of learning and sharing
This book, written by industry volunteers and containing more than 5,000 entries, is an asset for newcomers to wire and cable.

At the same time, it also represents an opportunity for industry veterans to give back by either updating or adding to the more than 5,000 entries. This is an honor system process. Entries/updates must be non-commercial, and any deemed not to be so will be removed. Share your expertise as part of this legacy project to help those who will follow. Purchase a printed copy here.

   

 

0-9   A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Gorcy Descaling System

One of the pioneer processes for the descaling of wire rod where the rod was deformed by bending it over pulleys and then treating it with rotary brushes, before it entered the first die of the drawing machine.

Gouge

A gross type of scratch on the surface of a material.

Government Rubber Styrene

An amorphous rubber co-polymerization of styrene and butadiene, which was originally known as Buna-S and GRS (government rubber styrene). It was first made in government-owned plants.

Government Rubber Synthetic

This is a government standard for Buna-S rubber when it is used in jacketing and insulating compounds for military wires and cables.

GPT

Designation for thermoplastic primary wire. Can be bare or tinned copper.

GPU

Designation for Ground Power Unit.

Graded Insulation

A combination of insulation layers arranged in such a manner so as to improve the distribution of the electrical field to which they are subjected.

Grades

A parameter to classify divisions within different types of metals based on element content or mechanical properties. Example: a typical grade for steel is “high tensile structural steel.” The principal grade classification system used in North America is the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) may be used to identify grades.

Grain

An individual crystal in a polycrystalline metal or alloy. Grains have various external shapes.

Grain Boundary Corrosion

See Intergranular Corrosion.

Grain Growth

An increase in the size of grains in a polycrystalline metal, which usually occurs during heating at elevated temperatures. The increase may be gradual or abrupt, resulting in either uniform or non-uniform grains after growth has ceased.

Grain Growth, Duplexed

A mixture of non-uniform grains.

Grain Growth, Exaggerated

Abnormal grain growth implying the formation of excessively large grains.

Grain Growth, Germinative

The abrupt formation of abnormal grain growth when a critical amount of strain or other nuclei are present to promote the growth.

Grain Size

For metals, a measure of the area or volume of grains in a polycrystalline material, usually expressed as an average when the individual sizes are fairly uniform. Grain sizes are given in terms of the number of grains per unit area or volume, the average diameter or as a grain-size number derived from area measurements. They are classified into eight sizes: one to four being coarse, five to eight being fine.

Grain Structure

The crystalline structure of the individual grains within a polycrystalline metal. This can be used as an indicator of strength and ductility as well as the uniformity of deformation, heat treatment or elemental dispersion within the material.

Granodraw

A process used to deposit a coating of zinc phosphate onto steel wire or rod prior to dry drawing. Such coatings are extremely retentive of the soap lubricants used in wiredrawing and react with them under the pressure encountered at the die faces to form a smooth film of zinc soaps, which effectively prevents metal to metal contact, thus increasing tool life by minimizing metal pick-up, scratching and breakages. Mainly used for the drawing of high carbon steel. A trademark of Henkel Surface Technologies.

Granular Fracture

A type of irregular surface, produced when fracture occurs, that is characterized by a rough, grain-like appearance as opposed to a smooth silky or fibrous type. The cracks can propagate in either a transgranular or intergranular mode.

Granular Pearlite

A structure formed by holding steel for some time at a temperature just below the critical, causing the cementite and ferrite in the pearlite to separate into globules.

Granulator

A machine, which cuts ex­truded plastic into granules for re-use. Recent machines accept hot waste direct from the extruder head without prior cooling and incorporate an air extraction system, which conveys the granules back to the extruder hopper or to a bagging point.
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